These past days the sun burned a lot, as if we were already in summer, so much so that I already put creams with sunscreens on the children and they take the cap to school. Small amounts of ultraviolet radiation are beneficial, since they are involved in the formation of vitamin D (and this strengthens the musculoskeletal system), however we must all be careful not to exceed our sun exposure.
According to WHO data, between 2 million and three million nonmelanocytic skin cancers and more than 130,000 malignant melanomas are diagnosed each year. More than 90% of skin cancers that are not melanocytic occur in white skinned people. But all the damage that excessive sun exposure can cause is not summarized in skin problems, since among the people who “abuse” UV radiation there are also cases of chronic cataracts and decreased effectiveness of the immune system.
Children and adolescents are especially vulnerable groups, and more taking into account that sunburn during this stage can cause irreversible damage are possible to lead to skin cancer. The mechanisms involved are not yet known, but it may be that the skin is more susceptible to the harmful effects of ultraviolet radiation during childhood. Today it occurred to me to consult the UV radiation index at the National Institute of Meteorology and I have found that throughout our country they have registered very high rates (between 8 and 10). This information can really be useful information when deciding when to apply the recommendations, since the international organization recommends taking precautions from index 3.
It is true that the intensity of these radiations will also be determined by factors such as latitude, altitude, sun elevation, or reflection by the ground; the protection of clouds and the thickness of the ozone layer. But as a precaution from now on it is hotter, we can all follow the recommendations of protection, and consult the UV radiation index when we are going to spend the day outside.
Protective measures
WHO recommends the following measures to protect yourself of excessive exposure to ultraviolet radiation.
Limit the time spent in the midday sun.
Prefer the shadow.
Wear protective clothing, such as a wide-brimmed hat to protect the eyes, face and neck.
Wear closed sunglasses on the sides that give 99% to 100% protection against ultraviolet A and B radiation.
In areas of skin that are not covered by clothing, smear abundantly and frequently renew a broad spectrum sunscreen with a sun protection factor (SPF) of 30+. The best protection is achieved by protecting yourself in the shade and wearing protective clothing instead of applying sunscreens. These should not be used with the idea of prolonging the time spent in the sun, and people who smear sunscreen to tan should be aware of the need to limit the time they are exposed to the sun.
Avoid tanning beds: the use of these devices before the age of 35 is accompanied by a 75% increase in the risk of malignant melanoma. Tanning beds and lamps should not be used unless under medical supervision. WHO recommends banning its use in those under 18 years of age.
Protect babies and young children: children should always be kept in the shade.
Stimulating children to take the simple precautions described above will prevent short-term and long-term injuries without preventing them from enjoying the time they spend outdoors. Seniors should ensure that children are properly protected
In general, attention should be paid to the most vulnerable groups, as well as to people with lighter skin. However, no one should be neglected because although the incidence of skin cancer is lower in those with dark skin, cancers are usually detected later, in a more dangerous stage. The risk of skin lesions, premature skin aging and immunosuppression is independent of skin type.
